Nematic liquid crystal composition

ABSTRACT

A nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is used in liquid crystal display devices of the TN mode, OCB mode, ECB mode, IPS mode, or VA-IPS mode. The liquid crystal composition has positive dielectric anisotropy. Since the refractive index anisotropy and the nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature are decreased and the increase in the lower limit temperature of the nematic phase is suppressed, the viscosity of the liquid crystal composition is sufficiently low without degrading the nematic phase temperature range. The liquid crystal composition also offers excellent features such as high-speed response, good display quality, and less display failures and is thus suitable as a practical liquid crystal composition.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal compositionthat is useful as an electro-optic liquid crystal display material andexhibits a positive dielectric anisotropy (Δ∈).

BACKGROUND ART

Liquid crystal display devices have come to be used in watches,calculators, various measuring instruments, automobile panels, wordprocessors, electronic organizers, printers, computers, televisions,clocks, advertising display boards, etc. Representative examples ofliquid crystal display modes include TN (twisted nematic) mode, STN(super twisted nematic) mode, VA (vertical alignment) mode in whichvertical alignment is realized through use of TFTs (thin filmtransistors), and IPS (in-plane switching)/FFS mode in which horizontalalignment is featured. Liquid crystal compositions used in these liquidcrystal display devices are required to be stable against externalfactors such as moisture, air, heat, and light, exhibit a liquid crystalphase in a temperature range as wide as possible around roomtemperature, have a low viscosity, and be driven at low voltage. Aliquid crystal composition is composed of several to several tens ofcompounds in order to optimize the dielectric anisotropy (Δ∈) orrefractive-index anisotropy (Δn) for individual display devices.

A liquid crystal composition with negative Δ∈ is used in a verticalalignment display and a liquid crystal composition with positive Δ∈ isused in a horizontal alignment display such as TN, STN, or IPS type. Inrecent years, there has been reports of a driving mode by which a liquidcrystal composition with positive Δ∈ is vertically aligned in theabsence of applied voltage and display is performed by applying anIPS/FFS-type electric field. There is an increasing need for a liquidcrystal composition with positive Δ∈. Meanwhile, low-voltage driving,high-speed response, and wide operation temperature range are pursued inall driving modes. In other words, positive Δ∈ with a large absolutevalue, a low viscosity (η), and a high nematic phase-isotropic liquidphase transition temperature (T_(ni)) are required. Moreover, based onthe setting of Δn×d, which is a product of Δn and a cell gap (d), the Δnof the liquid crystal composition needs to be adjusted within anappropriate range suitable for the cell gap. In addition, when theliquid crystal display device is to be used in a television or the like,high-speed responsiveness is important and thus a liquid crystalcomposition with a small γ₁ is required.

There have been disclosed liquid crystal compositions that use acompound represented by formula (A-1) or (A-2) with positive Δ∈ as aconstitutional component of the liquid crystal compositions (PTL 1 to4); however, these liquid crystal compositions do not have sufficientlylow viscosity.

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

PTL 1: WO96/032365

PTL 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 09-157202

PTL 3: WO98/023564

PTL 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2003-183656

SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystalcomposition having sufficiently low viscosity (η) and positivedielectric anisotropy (Δ∈), in which the refractive-index anisotropy(Δn) is adjusted to a desired level, the nematic phase-isotropic liquidphase transition temperature (T_(ni)) is decreased, the increase inlower limit temperature for the nematic phase is suppressed, and thusthe temperature range of the nematic phase is not degraded.

Solution to Problem

The inventors have studied various fluorobenzene derivatives and foundthat the above-mentioned object can be attained by combining specificcompounds, thereby making the invention.

The present invention provides a liquid composition having positivedielectric anisotropy, characterized in that the liquid crystalcomposition contains one or more compounds selected from compoundsrepresented by general formula (LC0) and one or more compounds selectedfrom a group of compounds represented by general formula (LC1) togeneral formula (LC5), and also a liquid crystal display device thatuses the liquid crystal composition:

(In the formulae, R⁰¹ to R⁴¹ each independently represent an alkyl grouphaving 1 to 15 carbon atoms, one or more —CH₂— in the alkyl group may besubstituted with —O—, —CH═CH—, —CO—, —OCO—, —COO—, —C≡C—, —CF₂O—, or—OCF₂— so that oxygen atoms are not directly adjacent to each other, andone or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be substituted with ahalogen; R⁵¹ and R⁵² each independently represent an alkyl group having1 to 15 carbon atoms where one or more —CH₂— in the alkyl group may besubstituted with —O—, —CH═CH—, —CO—, —OCO—, —COO—, or —C≡C— so thatoxygen atoms are not directly adjacent to each other, or R⁵¹ and R⁵² mayeach be —OCF₃ or —CF₃— if A⁵¹ or A⁵³ described below represents acyclohexane ring; A⁰¹ to A⁴² each independently represent any one of thestructures below:

(One or more —CH₂— in the cyclohexane ring in the structure may besubstituted with —O— so that oxygen atoms are not directly adjacent toeach other, one or more —CH═ in the benzene ring in the structure may besubstituted with —N═ so that nitrogen atoms are not directly adjacent toeach other, and X⁶¹ and X⁶² each independently represent —H, —Cl, —F,—CF₃, or —OCF₃); A⁵¹ to A⁵³ each independently represent any one of thestructures below:

(In the formulae, one or more —CH₂CH₂— in the cyclohexane ring may besubstituted with —CH═CH—, —CF₂O—, or —OCF₂— and one or more —CH═ in thebenzene ring may be substituted with —N═ so that nitrogen atoms are notdirectly adjacent to each other); X⁰¹ represents a hydrogen atom or afluorine atom; X¹¹ to X⁴³ each independently represent —H, —Cl, —F,—CF₃, or —OCF₃; Y⁰¹ to Y⁴¹ each represent —Cl, —F, —OCHF₂, —CF₃, or—OCF₃; Z⁰¹ and Z⁰² each independently represent a single bond, —CH═CH—,—C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—, —(CH₂)₄—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—; Z³¹ to Z⁴² eachindependently represent a single bond, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—,—(CH₂)₄—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O— and at least one selected from Z³¹ and Z³²that are present is not a single bond; Z⁵¹ and Z⁵² each independentlyrepresent a single bond, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—, —(CH₂)₄—, —OCH₂—,—CH₂O—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—; m⁰¹ to m⁵¹ each independently represent aninteger in the range of 0 to 3; m⁰¹+m⁰², m³¹+m³², and m⁴¹+m⁴² eachindependently represent 1, 2, 3, or 4; and when two or more A⁰¹, A⁰³,A²³, A³¹, A³², A⁴¹, A⁴², A⁵², Z⁰¹, Z⁰², Z³¹, Z³², Z⁴¹, Z⁴², and/or Z⁵²are present, they may be the same or different from each other.)

Advantageous Effects of Invention

A liquid crystal composition according to the present invention ischaracterized in that Δ∈ is positive and has a large absolute value.Moreover, η is low, rotational viscosity (γ₁) is low, liquid crystalproperties are excellent, and a stable liquid crystal phase is exhibitedover a wide temperature range. Furthermore, the liquid crystalcomposition is suitable for practical application and has highreliability because it is chemically stable against heat, light, water,etc., and enables low-voltage driving.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

A liquid crystal composition according to the invention of the presentapplication contains one or more compounds selected from compoundsrepresented by general formula (LC0) and one or more compounds selectedfrom a compound group consisting of compounds represented by generalformulae (LC1) to (LC5). Because a liquid crystal composition thatcontains a compound represented by any of general formula (LC0) and acompound represented by general formulae (LC1) to (LC5) exhibits astable liquid crystal phase at low temperature, the liquid crystalcomposition can be regarded as a practical liquid crystal composition.

In general formulae (LC0) to (LC5), R⁰¹ to R⁵² preferably eachindependently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, analkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to8 carbon atoms and are each preferably linear. In the case where R⁰¹ toR⁵² are each an alkenyl group, the alkenyl group is preferably selectedfrom the groups represented by formulae (R1) to (R5) below:

(In each formula, the black dot indicates the linking point to a ring.)

In the case where A⁰¹, A¹¹, A²¹, A³¹, A⁴¹, A⁵¹, and A⁵³ are each atrans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, these groups are preferable and thoserepresented by formula (R¹), formula (R2), and formula (R4) are morepreferable. Yet more preferably, one or more compounds represented bygeneral formula (LC5) with at least one of R⁵¹ and R⁵³ representing analkenyl groups selected from those represented by formulae (R1) to (R5)are contained.

A⁰¹ to A⁴² each preferably independently represent atrans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-phenylene group, a3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, or a 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, anda tetrahydropyran group. When tetrahydropyran groups are included in A⁰¹to A⁴², A⁰¹, A¹¹, A²¹, and A³¹ are preferably tetrahydropyran groups.Specific examples of preferred compounds having tetrahydropyran groupsinclude those represented by general formulae (LC0-7) to (LC0-9),general formula (LC0-23), general formula (LC0-24), general formula(LC0-26), general formula (LC0-27), general formula (LC0-20), generalformula (LC0-40), general formula (LC0-51) to general formula (LC0-53),general formula (LC0-110), general formula (LC0-111), general formulae(LC2-9) to (LC2-14), general formulae (LC3-23) to (LC3-32), generalformulae (LC4-12) to (LC4-14), general formula (LC4-16), general formula(LC4-19), and general formula (LC4-22). In such a case, one or morecompounds selected from the compound groups described above arepreferably contained to achieve the object of the present invention.

A⁵¹ to A⁵³ preferably each independently represent atrans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-phenylene group, a3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, or a 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group.

Z⁰¹ and Z⁰² preferably each independently represent a single bond,—CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—. In the case where one ofZ⁰¹ and Z⁰² that are present represents —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—,—(CH₂)₄—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—, the other preferably represents a singlebond. More preferably, both represent a single bond.

Z³¹ to Z⁴² preferably each independently represent a single bond,—CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—, —OCH₂—, —CH₂O—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—. In the casewhere one of Z³¹ to Z⁴² that are present represents —CH═CH—, —C≡C—,—CH₂CH₂—, —(CH₂)4-, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—, the rest preferably represent asingle bond.

Z⁵¹ and Z⁵² preferably each independently represent a single bond,—CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—. In the case where one ofZ⁵¹ and Z⁵² that are present represents —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—,—(CH₂)₄—, —OCH₂—, —CH₂O—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—, the other preferablyrepresents a single bond. More preferably, both represent a single bond.

X⁰¹ preferably represents F since the dielectric anisotropy (Δ∈) isincreased and a notably low viscosity (η) is exhibited for the samedielectric anisotropy (Δ∈).

X¹¹ to X⁴³ preferably each independently represent H or F and X¹¹, X²¹,X³¹, and X⁴¹ each preferably represent F.

Y⁰¹ to Y⁴¹ preferably each independently represent F, CF₃, or OCF₃.

While m⁰¹ to m⁵¹ may each independently represent an integer in therange of 0 to 3, m⁰¹+m⁰² is more preferably 1 or 2, m²¹ is morepreferably 0, m³¹+m³² is more preferably 1, 2, or 3, and m⁴¹+m⁴² is morepreferably 1 or 2.

The liquid crystal compound represented by general formula (LC0) is morepreferably a compound represented by any of general formulae (LC0-a) to(LC0-h) below (in the formulae, R⁰¹, A⁰¹, A⁰², A⁰³, Z⁰¹, Z⁰², X⁰¹, andY⁰¹ are the same as those in general formula (LC0) and when two or moreA⁰¹ and A⁰³ and/or Z⁰¹ and Z⁰² are present, they may be the same ordifferent from each other).

A liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferablycontains, as the compound represented by general formula (LC0), one ormore compounds selected from the compounds represented by (LC0-a) to(LC0-h).

More preferable are compounds represented by general formulae (LC0-1) to(LC0-111) below:

(In the formulae, R is the same as R⁰¹ in general formula (LC0),“—F,CF₃,OCF₃” represents —F, CF₃, or OCF₃, and (—F) represents H or F asa substituent.) The compounds represented by general formula (LC0-1) togeneral formula (LC0-19) are particularly preferable since they have ahigh dielectric anisotropy (Δ∈), a notably low viscosity (η), and goodcompatibility. The compounds represented by general formula (LC0-20) togeneral formula (LC0-111) are particularly preferable since they have alarge dielectric anisotropy (Δ∈), a relatively low viscosity (η), and ahigh nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature(T_(ni)).

The compound represented by general formula (LC2) is preferably selectedfrom compounds represented by general formula (LC2-1) to general formula(LC2-14).

(In the formulae, X²³, X²⁴, X²⁵, and X²⁶ each independently represent ahydrogen atom, Cl, F, CF₃, or OCF₃, and X²², R²¹, and Y²¹ are the sameas those in general formula (LC2).) A compound group represented bygeneral formula (LC2-1) to general formula (LC2-4) and general formula(LC2-9) to general formula (LC2-11) is more preferable.

The compound represented by general formula (LC3) is preferably selectedfrom the compounds represented by general formula (LC3-1) to generalformula (LC3-32) below.

(In the formulae, X³³, X³⁴, X³⁵, X³⁶, X³⁷, and X³⁸ each independentlyrepresent H, Cl, F, CF₃, or OCF₃, and X³², R³¹, A³¹, Y³¹, and Z³¹ arethe same as those in general formula (LC3).) Of these, a compound grouprepresented by general formula (LC3-5), general formula (LC3-15), andgeneral formulae (LC3-20) to (LC3-32) is more preferably used incombination with the essential component of the invention represented bygeneral formula (LC0). More preferably, a compound selected from acompound group represented by general formula (LC3-20) and generalformula (LC3-21) with X³³ and X³⁴ representing F and/or a compound grouprepresented by general formula (LC3-25), general formula (LC3-26), andgeneral formulae (LC3-30) to (LC3-32) is more preferably used incombination with the essential component of the invention represented bygeneral formula (LC0).

The compound represented by general formula (LC4) is preferably selectedfrom the compounds represented by general formula (LC4-1) to generalformula (LC4-23) below:

(In the formulae, X⁴⁴, X⁴⁵, X⁴⁶, and X⁴⁷ each independently represent H,Cl, F, CF₃, or OCF₃, and X⁴², X⁴³, R⁴¹, and Y⁴¹ are the same as those ingeneral formula (LC4).)

Among these, a compound group represented by general formula (LC4-1) togeneral formula (LC4-3), general formula (LC4-6), general formula(LC4-9), general formula (LC4-10), and general formula (LC4-12) togeneral formula (LC4-17) is preferably used in combination with theessential component of the present invention represented by generalformula (LC0). More preferably, a compound selected from a compoundgroup represented by general formula (LC4-9) to general formula (LC4-11)and general formula (LC4-15) to general formula (LC4-17) with X⁴⁴ and/orX⁴⁵ representing F is used in combination with the essential componentof the invention represented by general formula (LC0).

The compound represented by general formula (LC5) is preferably selectedfrom compounds represented by general formula (LC5-1) to general formula(LC5-26) below:

(In formulae, R⁵¹ and R⁵² are the same as those in general formula(LC5).) Of these, a compound group represented by general formula(LC5-1) to general formula (LC5-8), general formula (LC5-14), generalformula (LC5-16), and general formula (LC5-18) to general formula(LC5-26) is preferably used in combination with the essential componentof the invention represented by general formula (LC0). A compound groupin which at least one of R⁵¹ and R⁵² in general formula (LC5-1) andgeneral formula (LC5-4) represents an alkenyl group is preferable andparticularly preferably, the alkyl group is one of those represented byformulae (R1) to (R5) below:

One or more compounds represented by general formula (LC5) arepreferably contained. The content is preferably 20% to 70% by mass andmore preferably 30% to 70% by mass.

The liquid crystal composition of the invention preferably has aviscosity η of 20 mPa·s or less at 20° C.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention may contain oneor more optically active compounds. Any optically active compoundscapable of having liquid crystal molecules twisted and oriented can beused. Usually, since twisting changes with temperature, two or moreoptically active compounds can be used to achieve the desiredtemperature dependency. In order not to adversely affect the temperaturerange of the nematic liquid crystal phase, viscosity, and the like,optically active compounds that have strong twisting effects arepreferably selected and used. Examples of such optically activecompounds include liquid crystals such as cholesteric nonanate andcompounds represented by general formula (Ch-1) to general formula(Ch-6) below:

(In the formulae, R_(c1), R_(c2), and R* each independently represent analkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, one or more —CH₂— in the alkylgroup may be substituted with —O—, —CH═CH—, —CO—, —OCO—, —COO—, —C≡C—,—CF₂O—, or —OCF₂— so that oxygen atoms are not directly adjacent to eachother, and one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may besubstituted with a halogen; R* contains at least one optically activebranched chain group or a halogen substituent; Z_(c1) and Z_(c2) eachindependently represent a singe bond, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—,—(CH₂)₄—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH₂—, —CH₂O—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—; D₁ and D₂each represent a cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring; one or more —CH₂—in the cyclohexane ring may be substituted with —O— so that oxygen atomsare not directly adjacent to each other and one or more —CH₂CH₂— in thecyclohexane ring may be substituted with —CH═CH—, —CF₂O—, or —OCF₂—; oneor more —CH═ in the benzene ring may be substituted with —N═ so thatnitrogen atoms are not directly adjacent to each other and one or morehydrogen atoms in the benzene ring may be substituted with F, Cl, orCH₃; t₁ and t₂ represents 0, 1, 2, or 3; and MG*, Q_(c1), and Q_(c2)each represent a structure below:

(In the formulae, D₃ and D₄ each represent a cyclohexane ring or abenzene ring, one or more —CH₂— in the cyclohexane ring may besubstituted with —O— so that oxygen atoms are not directly adjacent toeach other, one or more —CH₂CH₂— in the cyclohexane ring may besubstituted with —CH═CH—, —CF₂O—, or —OCF₂—, one or more —CH═ in thebenzene ring may be substituted with —N═ so that nitrogen atoms are notdirectly adjacent to each other, and one or more hydrogen atoms in thebenzene ring may be substituted with F, Cl, or CH₃.)

The liquid crystal composition of the invention may contain one or morepolymerizable compounds. Each polymerizable compound is preferably adisk-shaped liquid crystal compound having a structure in which thescaffold at the center of a molecule is a benzene derivative,triphenylene derivative, a truxene derivative, a phthalocyaninederivative, or a cyclohexane derivative and linear alkyl groups, linearalkoxy groups, or substituted benzoyloxy groups are substituted in sidechains of the scaffold in a radial manner.

In particular, the polymerizable compound is preferably a polymerizablecompound represented by general formula (PC):

(In the formula, P₁ represents a polymerizable functional group, Sp₁represents a spacer group having 0 to 20 carbon atoms, Q_(p1) representsa single bond, —O—, —NH—, —NHCOO—, —OCONH—, —CH═CH—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—,—OCOO—, —OOCO—, —CH═CH—, —CH═CH—COO—, —OCO—CH═CH—, or —C≡C—, p₁ and p₂each independently represent 1, 2, or 3, MG_(p) represents a mesogengroup or a mesogenic supporting group, and R_(p1) represents a halogenatom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms whereone or more CH₂ groups in the alkyl group may be substituted with —O—,—S—, —NH—, —N(CH₃)—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —SCO—, —COS—, or —C≡C—so that oxygen atoms are not directly adjacent to each other, or R_(p1)may be P₂-Sp₂-Q_(p2)- where P₂, Sp₂, and Q_(p2) are independentlyrespectively the same as P₁, Sp₁, and Q_(p1).)

More preferably, MG_(p) in the polymerizable compound general formula(PC) is represented by the following structure:

(In the formulae, C₀₁ to C₀₃ each independently represent a1,4-phenylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexenylgroup, a tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl group, a 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl group, atetrahydrothiopyran-2,5-diyl group, a 1,4-bicyclo(2,2,2)octylene group,a decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, a pyridine-2,5-diyl group, apyrimidine-2,5-diyl group, a pyrazine-2,5-diyl group, a1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, a 2,6-naphthylene group, aphenanthrene-2,7-diyl group, a 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diyl group,a 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10a-octahydrophenanthrene 2,7-diyl group, or a fluorene2,7-diyl group; the 1,4-phenylene group, the1,2,3,4-tetrtahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, the 2,6-naphthylenegroup, the phenanthrene-2,7-diyl group, the9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diyl group, the1,2,3,4,4a,9,10a-octahydrophenanethrene 2,7-diyl group, and the fluorene2,7-diyl group may each have, as a substituent or substituents, at leastone F, Cl, CF₃, OCF₃, cyano group, alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbonatoms, alkoxy group, alkanoyl group, alkanoyloxy group, alkenyl grouphaving 2 to 8 carbon atoms, alkenyloxy group, alkenoyl group, oralkenoyloxy group; Z_(p1) and Z_(p2) each independently represent —COO—,—OCO—, —CH₂CH₂—, —OCH₂—, —CH₂O—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH═CHCOO—, —OCOCH═CH—,—CH₂CH₂COO—, —CH₂CH₂OCO—, —COOCH₂CH₂—, —OCOCH₂CH₂—, —CONH—, —NHCO—, or asingle bond; and p₃ represents 0, 1, or 2.)

When Sp₁ and Sp₂ are each independently an alkylene group, this alkylenegroup may be substituted with at least one halogen atom or CN and one ormore CH₂ groups contained in this group may be substituted with —O—,—S—, —NH—, —N(CH₃)—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —SCO—, —COS—, or —C≡C—so that oxygen atoms are not directly adjacent to each other. P₁ and P₂preferably each independently represent one of the following generalformulae:

(In the formulae, R_(p2) to R_(p6) each independently represent ahydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbonatoms.)

More specifically, the polymerizable compound represented by generalformula (PC) is preferably polymerizable compounds represented bygeneral formula (PC0-1) to general formula (PC0-6):

(In the formulae, p₄ each independently represents 1, 2, or 3.) Morespecifically, polymerizable compounds represented by general formula(PC1-1) to general formula (PC1-9) are preferable:

(In the formulae, p₅ represents 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.) In these compounds,Sp₁, Sp₂, Q_(p1), and Q_(p2) are each preferably a single bond; P₁ andP₂ preferably each represent a structure represented by formula (PC0-a)and more preferably are an acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxygroup; p₁+p₄ is preferably equal to 2, 3, or 4; and R_(pt) is preferablyH, F, CF₃, OCF₃, CH₃, or OCH₃. Compounds represented by general formula(PC1-2), general formula (PC1-3), general formula (PC1-4), and generalformula (PC1-8) are further preferable.

A disk-shaped liquid crystal compound represented by general formula(PC) with MG_(p) being represented by general formula (PC1)-9 is alsopreferable:

(In the formula, R₇ each independently represent P₁-Sp₁-Q_(p1) or asubstituent represented by general formula (PC1-e); R₈₁ and R₈₂ eachindependently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a methylgroup; R₈₃ represents an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; andat least one hydrogen atom in the alkoxy group is substituted with asubstituent represented by general formulae (PC0-a) to (PC0-d) above.)

The amount of the polymerizable compound used is preferably 0.05% to2.0% by mass.

The liquid crystal composition containing the polymerizable compound ofthe present invention is used to form a liquid crystal display device bypolymerizing the polymerizable compound. Here, the amount of theunpolymerized components is required to be at a certain level or lowerand thus a polymerizable compound having a biphenyl group and/or aterphenyl group is preferably contained in the substructure in generalformula (LC0). In particular, compounds represented by general formula(LC0-4) to general formula (LC0-6), general formula (LC0-10) to generalformula (LC0-16), and general formula (LC0-27) to general formula(LC0-107) are preferable. One or more compounds may be selected fromthese compounds and used in an amount of 0.1% to 40% by mass. It ispreferable to use them in combination with the group of polymerizablecompounds represented by general formula (PC1-1) to general formula(PC1-3), general formula (PC1-8), or general formula (PC1-9).

The liquid crystal composition may further contain one or moreantioxidants and one or more UV absorbers. The antioxidant may beselected from those represented by general formula (E-1) and/or generalformula (E-2) below.

(In the formulae, R_(e1) represents an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbonatoms, one or more —CH₂— in the alkyl group may be substituted with —O—,—CH═CH—, —CO—, —OCO—, —COO—, —C≡C—, —CF₂O—, or —OCF₂— so that oxygenatoms are not directly adjacent to each other, and one or more hydrogenatoms in the alkyl group may be substituted with a halogen; Z_(e1) andZ_(e2) each independently represent a single bond, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—,—CH₂CH₂—, —(CH₂)₄—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH₂—, —CH₂O—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—; andE₁ represents a cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring, one or more —CH₂— inthe cyclohexane ring may be substituted with —O— so that oxygen atomsare not directly adjacent to each other, one or more —CH₂CH₂— in thecyclohexane ring may be substituted with —CH═CH—, —CF₂O—, or —OCF₂—, oneor more —CH═ in the benzene ring may be substituted with —N═ so thatnitrogen atoms are not directly adjacent to each other, one or morehydrogen atoms in the benzene ring may be substituted with F, Cl, orCH₃, and q₁ represents 0, 1, 2, or 3.)

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be used in aliquid crystal display device, in particular, an active matrix driveliquid crystal display device of a TN mode, OCB mode, ECB mode, IPS(including FFS electrodes) mode, or a VA-IPS mode (including FFSelectrodes). Here, a VA-IPS mode refers to a method of driving liquidcrystal molecules by using pixel electrodes and a common electrodedisposed on the same substrate surface, by which a liquid crystalmaterial having a positive dielectric anisotropy (Δ∈>0) is alignedvertically with respect to the substrate surface in the absence ofapplied voltage. Since the liquid crystal molecules align in thedirection of a curved electric field generated by the pixel electrodesand the common electrode, pixels can be easily divided and multi-domainscan be easily formed, resulting in good responsiveness. According tonon-patent literature, Proc. 13th IDW, 97 (1997), Proc. 13th IDW, 175(1997), SID Sym. Digest, 319 (1998), SID Sym. Digest, 838 (1998), SIDSym. Digest, 1085 (1998), SID Sym. Digest, 334 (2000), and EurodisplayProc., 142 (2009), various other naming such as EOC and VA-IPS are beingused. However, for the purposes of the present invention, this mode isreferred to as “VA-IPS” hereinafter.

In general, the threshold voltage (Vc) of the Freedericksz transition inthe TN and ECB modes is expressed by formula (I):

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 1} \right\rbrack & \; \\{{Vc} = {\frac{\pi\; d_{cell}}{{d_{cell} +} < {r\; 1} >}\sqrt{\frac{K\; 11}{\Delta ɛ}}}} & (I)\end{matrix}$

In the STN mode, it is expressed by formula (II):

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 2} \right\rbrack & \; \\{{Vc} = {\frac{\pi\; d_{gap}}{{d_{cell} +} < {r\; 2} >}\sqrt{\frac{K\; 22}{\Delta ɛ}}}} & ({II})\end{matrix}$

In the VA mode, it is expressed by formula (III).

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 3} \right\rbrack & \; \\{{Vc} = {\frac{\pi\; d_{cell}}{{d_{cell} -} < {r\; 3} >}\sqrt{\frac{K\; 33}{{\Delta ɛ}}}}} & ({III})\end{matrix}$(In the formulae, Vc represents Freedericksz transition (V), Πrepresents the circular constant, d_(cell) represents the distance (μm)between a first substrate and a second substrate, d_(gap) represents adistance (μm) between pixel electrodes and a common electrode, d_(ITO)represents the width (μm) of the pixel electrodes and/or commonelectrode, <r1>, <r2>, and <r3> represent an extrapolation length (μm),K11 represents a splay elastic constant (N), K22 represents a twistelastic constant (N), K33 represents a bend elastic constant (N), and Δ∈represents anisotropy of dielectric constant.)

In the VA-IPS mode, the inventors have found that formula (IV) isapplicable.

$\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{Math}.\mspace{14mu} 4} \right\rbrack & \; \\{{Vc} \propto {\frac{{d_{gap} -} < r >}{{d_{ITO} +} < r >}\frac{\pi\; d_{cell}}{{d_{cell} -} < {r\; 3} >}\sqrt{\frac{K\; 33}{{\Delta ɛ}}}}} & ({IV})\end{matrix}$(In formula, Vc represents Freedericksz transition (V), Π represents thecircular constant, d_(cell) represents the distance (μm) between a firstsubstrate and a second substrate, d_(gap) represents a distance (μm)between pixel electrodes and a common electrode, d_(ITO) represents thewidth (μm) of the pixel electrodes and/or common electrode, <r>, <r′>,and <r3> represent an extrapolation length (μm), K33 represents a bendelastic constant (N), and Δ∈ represents anisotropy of dielectricconstant.) Formula (IV) shows that the driving voltage can be lowered byminimizing d_(gap) and maximizing d_(ITO) in the cell structure and thatthe driving voltage can also be lowered by selecting a liquid crystalcomposition that has a large absolute value of Δ∈ and small K33.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be adjustedto have preferable Δ∈, K11, and K33.

The product (Δn·d) of the refractive index anisotropy (Δn) of the liquidcrystal composition and the distance (d) between the first substrate andthe second substrate in the display device is strongly related to theviewing angle characteristics and response speed. The distance (d) isbecoming as small as 3 to 4 μm. The product (Δn·d) is preferably 0.31 to0.33 for the TN mode, the ECB mode, and the IPS mode. In the VA-IPSmode, the product is preferably 0.20 to 0.59 and more preferably 0.30 to0.40 for vertical orientation with respect to the two substrates. Assuch, the optimum value of product (Δn·d) differs depending on the modeof the display device. Accordingly, liquid crystal compositions having avariety of different ranges of refractive index anisotropy (Δn), such asthose with Δn in the range of 0.070 to 0.110, those with Δn in the rangeof 0.100 to 0.140, and those with Δn in the range of 0.130 to 0.180 arein demand. In order to yield a relatively low or small refractive indexanisotropy (Δn) from the liquid crystal composition of the presentinvention, 0.1 to 80% by mass of at least one selected from the groupconsisting of compounds represented by general formula (LC0-1) togeneral formula (LC0-3), general formula (LC0-7) to general formula(LC0-9), and general formula (LC0-20) to general formula (LC0-30) ispreferably contained. In order to yield a relatively high or largerefractive index anisotropy (Δn) 0.1 to 60% by mass of at least oneselected from the group consisting of compounds represented by generalformula (LC0-4) to general formula (LC0-6), general formula (LC0-10) togeneral formula (LC0-16), and general formula (LC0-27) to generalformula (LC0-107) is preferably contained.

In the TN mode and ECB mode where the liquid crystal alignment needs tobe substantially horizontal to the substrate surface in the absence ofapplied voltage, the tilt angle is preferably 0.5 to 7°. In the VA-IPmode where the liquid crystal alignment needs to be substantiallyvertical to the substrate surface in the absence of applied voltage, thetilt angle is preferably 85 to 90°. In order to have the liquid crystalcomposition align in the manner, an alignment film composed of polyimide(PI), polyamide, chalcone, cinnamate, cinnamoyl, or the like may beprovided. The alignment film is preferably prepared by an opticalalignment technique. The liquid crystal composition of the presentinvention that contains a compound represented by general formula (LC0)with X⁰¹ representing F easily aligns align along the easy axis of thealignment film and the tilt angle can be easily adjusted to a desiredangle.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention that contains acompound represented by general formula (PC) as a polymerizable compoundcan be used to form polymer stabilization liquid crystal display devicesof the TN mode, OCB node, ECB mode, IPS mode, or VA-IPS mode bypolymerizing the polymerizable compound in the liquid crystalcomposition in the presence or absence of applied voltage.

EXAMPLES

The present invention will now be described in detail by using exampleswhich do not limit the scope of the present invention. In thecompositions of Examples and Comparative Examples below, “%” means “% bymass”.

The physical properties of the liquid crystal composition are indicatedas follows:

-   T_(N-I): nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature    (° C.)-   T-n: nematic phase lower limit temperature (° C.)-   ∈⊥: dielectric constant in a direction perpendicular to a molecular    long axis direction at 25° C.-   Δ∈: dielectric anisotropy at 25° C.-   no: refractive index relative to ordinary ray at 25° C.-   Δn: refractive index anisotropy at 25° C.-   Vth: voltage (V) which is applied to a cell having a thickness of 6    μm and at which the change in transmittance is 10% under application    of a square wave having a frequency of 1 KHz at 25° C.-   η₂₀: bulk viscosity (mPa·s) at 20° C.-   γ₁: rotational viscosity (mPa·s)

The following abbreviations are used to describe compounds.

TABLE 1 Terminal n (number) C_(n)H_(2n+1)— -2- —CH₂CH₂— -1O— —CH₂O— —O1-—OCH₂— —V— —CO— —VO— —COO— —CFFO— —CF₂O— —F —F —Cl —Cl —CN —C≡N —OCFFF—OCF₃ —CFFF 0 —OCFF —OCHF₂ —On —OC_(n)H_(2n+1) -T- —C≡C— ndm-C_(n)H_(2n+1)—HC═CH—(CH₂)_(m−1)— -ndm —(CH₂)_(n−1)—HC═CH—C_(m)H_(2m+1)ndmO- C_(n)H_(2n+1)—HC═CH—(CH₂)_(m−1)—O— -Ondm—O—(CH₂)_(n−1)—HC═CH—C_(m)H_(2m+1)

Example 1

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 2 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 42.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 7.5% 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 9.5%0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 10.0% 0d1-Cy-Ph-Ph-2 21.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0%4-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0% Tni 81.4 T-n G-43 Vth 2.59 γ₁ 36 ε⊥ 2.77 Δε2.80 no 1.491 Δn 0.117 η20 9.5

Example 2

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 3 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 30.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 17.0% 4-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F10.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 14.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 8.0%4-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph1-F 6.0% 5-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph1-F 5.0%Tni 88.6 T-n G-35 Vth 1.69 γ₁ 70 ε⊥ 3.92 Δε 9.32 no 1.491 Δn 0.103 η2013.2

Example 3

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 4 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 29.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 22.0% 4-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 8.0%0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 16.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 13.0% 5-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F8.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph1-F 4.0% Tni 76.8 T-n G-39 Vth 1.48 γ₁ 60 ε⊥ 4.19 Δε10.05 no 1.490 Δn 0.115 η20 13.7

Comparative Example 1

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 5 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 29.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 22.0% 4-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F8.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 16.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 13.0%5-Cy-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 8.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph1-F 4.0% Tni 72.24 T-n G-32 Vth1.36 γ₁ 92 ε⊥ 4.22 Δε 13.05 no 1.493 Δn 0.134 η20 18.1

This liquid crystal composition is a liquid crystal composition obtainedby replacing the compounds represented by general formula (LC0) used inExample 3 with compounds having —CF₂O— as the linking groups. Theresults show that in Example 3, the viscosity is notably low, γ₁ issmall, T_(ni) is high, and the combination of the present invention issignificantly advantageous.

Comparative Example 2

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 6 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 29.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-1O-Ph3-F 22.0% 4-Ph-Ph3-1O-Ph3-F 8.0%0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 16.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-1O-Ph3-F 13.0% 5-Cy-Ph-Ph3-1O-Ph3-F8.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph1-F 4.0% Tni 47.5 T-n S-21 Vth 1.32 γ₁ 114 ε⊥ 4.21 Δε11.00 no 1.491 Δn 0.109 η20 37.3

This liquid crystal composition is a liquid crystal composition obtainedby replacing the compounds represented by general formula (LC0) used inExample 3 with compounds having —CH₂O— as the linking groups. Theresults show that in Example 3, the viscosity is notably low, γ₁ issmall, T_(ni) is high, and the combination of the present invention issignificantly advantageous.

Comparative Example 3

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 7 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 36.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 12.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 13.5%3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 13.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 7.5% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 1.0%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 1.5% 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 8.5%5-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 7.0% Tni 75.5° C. T-n S-28 Vth 1.38 γ₁ 75 ε⊥3.22 Δε 9.81 no 1.490 Δn 0.115 η20 14.2

This liquid crystal composition is a liquid crystal composition notcontaining a compound represented by general formula (LC0) of thisapplication. The results show that in Example 3, the viscosity isnotably low, γ₁ is small, and the combination of the present inventionis significantly advantageous.

Example 4

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 8 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 42.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 12.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 12.0%0d1-Cy-Ph-Ph-2 16.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0% 5-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F8.0% Tni 82.0 T-n G-36 Vth 2.09 γ₁ 43 ε⊥ 3.10 Δε 4.45 no 1.491 Δn 0.108η20 10.1

Comparative Example 4

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 9 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 41.5% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 7.5% 3-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 9.5%0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 10.5% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph-2 10.5% 5-Ph-Ph1-Ph-2 10.5%3-Cy-Cy-Ph-5 0.5% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 5.5% 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 4.0% Tni80.4° C. T-n S-32 Vth 2.42 γ₁ 50 ε⊥ 2.81 Δε 4.03 no 1.488 Δn 0.108 η2011.1

This liquid crystal composition is a liquid crystal composition notcontaining a compound represented by general formula (LC0) of thisapplication. The results show that in Example 4, the viscosity isnotably low, γ₁ is small, and the combination of the present inventionis significantly advantageous.

Example 5

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 10 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 42.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 16.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 3.0%0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 7.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 7.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 9.0%5-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 8.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph1-F 5.0% 5-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph1-F 3.0%Tni 91.8 T-n G-41 Vth 1.96 γ₁ 50 ε⊥ 3.25 Δε 4.55 no 1.480 Δn 0.084 η2010.8

Example 6

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 11 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 25.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 19.0% 4-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F14.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 15.0% 4-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 8.0%5-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 13.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph1-F 6.0% Tni 77.7 T-n G-33 Vth1.17 γ₁ 71 ε⊥ 4.93 Δε 10.78 no 1.477 Δn 0.089 η20 12.9

Example 7

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 12 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 40.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 15.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 13.0%0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 6.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 12.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 6.0%5-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 4.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph1-F 4.0% Tni 81.1 T-n G-42 Vth2.37 γ₁ 45 ε⊥ 2.85 Δε 4.02 no 1.479 Δn 0.077 η20 8.3

The results show that because this liquid crystal composition containscompounds represented by general formula (LC0), general formula (LC2),and general formula (LC5) of the present invention, a low viscosity anda small η₁ are achieved even in a low Δn system and that the combinationof the present invention is significantly advantageous.

Example 8

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 13 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 27.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 20.0% 4-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F10.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 8.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 15.0%4-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0% 5-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0% Tni 76.2 T-n G-31Vth 1.24 γ₁ 66 ε⊥ 4.63 Δε 9.94 no 1.477 Δn 0.086 η20 11.3

The results show that because this liquid crystal composition containscompounds represented by general formula (LC0) of the present invention,a low Δn, a low viscosity, and a small γ₁ are achieved even in a systemwith a large Δ∈ and that the combination of the present invention issignificantly advantageous.

Example 9

The following liquid crystal base composition A constituted by compoundsrepresented by general formula (LC5-1), general formula (LC5-4), andgeneral formula (LC5-7) was prepared.

TABLE 14 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 20.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 20.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 20.0%0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 10.0% 2-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 10.0% 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 10.0%2-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 10.0%

A liquid crystal composition prepared by using the liquid crystal basecomposition A and physical property values thereof are as follows.

TABLE 15 Liquid crystal base composition A 50.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 20.0%3-Ph-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Np3-F10.0% Tni 72.4 T-n −32 Vth 1.30 V γ₁   86 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.45 Δε 10.15 no1.500 Δn 0.139 η20 18.6 mPa · s

Comparative Example 5

A liquid crystal composition prepared by using the liquid crystal basecomposition A and physical property values thereof are as follows.

TABLE 16 Liquid crystal base composition A 50.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-1O-Ph3-F 20.0%3-Ph-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Np3-F10.0% Tni 63.8 T-n −28 Vth 1.29 V γ₁  108 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.52 Δε 10.51 no1.499 Δn 0.137 η20 23.0 mPa · s

This liquid crystal composition is a liquid crystal composition thatdoes not contain a compound represented by general formula (LC0) of thepresent application. The results show that, in Example 9, the viscosityis significantly low, γ₁ is small, and the combination of the presentinvention is significantly advantageous.

Example 10

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 17 Liquid crystal base composition A 40.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 20.0%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 15.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-OCFFF 10.0% 0d3-Ph-Ph-Ph3-F5.0% 3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Np3-F 10.0% Tni 90.8° C. T-n −30 Vth 1.61 V γ₁   82mPa · s ε⊥ 3.14 Δε 7.19 no 1.490 Δn 0.102 η20 16.2 mPa · s

Example 11

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 18 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF20.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 20.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0%3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% Tni 82.8 T-n −30 Vth 1.51 V γ₁   57 mPa ·s ε⊥ 3.12 Δε 8.54 no 1.495 Δn 0.120 η20 10.5 mPa · s

Example 12

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 19 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0%0d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-Ph3-F 10.0%3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph3-F 10.0%3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% Tni 77.2 T-n−34 Vth 1.35 V γ₁   60 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.47 Δε 9.56 no 1.479 Δn 0.081 η2011.1 mPa · s

Example 13

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 20 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 12.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 12.0% 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 8.0%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-CFFF 8.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF 10.0%3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0%3-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% Tni 99.8 T-n −30 Vth 1.35 V γ₁   88 mPa · s ε⊥3.43 Δε 9.53 no 1.504 Δn 0.151 η20 18.7 mPa · s

Example 14

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 21 1d3-Cy-Cy-2 5.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 5.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 5.0%3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0% 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 5.0% 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3 5.0%3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF 10.0%3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0%3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Ph-Np3-F 10.0%Tni 88.2 T-n −32 Vth 1.23 V γ₁   97 mPa · s ε⊥ 5.53 Δε 12.22 no 1.506 Δn0.152 η20 21.2 mPa · s

Example 15

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 22 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0%1d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF15.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 15.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0%3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% Tni 76.7 T-n −35 Vth 1.88 V γ₁  53 mPa · sε⊥ 2.82 Δε 6.31 no 1.486 Δn 0.097 η20 8.5 mPa · s

Example 16

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 23 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.00% 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.00% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.00%0d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.00% 1d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.00% 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3 5.00%3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-Ph3-F 10.00% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF 10.00%3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.00% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.00%3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.00% Tni 96.6 T-n −30 Vth 2.01 V γ₁   58 mPa ·s ε⊥ 2.56 Δε 5.24 no 1.475 Δn 0.094 η20 10.8 mPa · s

Example 17

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 24 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.00% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.00% 0d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.00%1d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.00% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.00% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F5.00% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 10.00% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph3-F 10.00%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00%3-Ph3-O1-Ph-Np3-F 10.00% Tni 74.6 T-n −32 Vth 1.10 V γ₁   98 mPa · s ε⊥6.56 Δε 17.01 no 1.494 Δn 0.116 η20 21.1 mPa · s

Example 18

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 25 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.00% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.00% 0d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.00%1d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.00% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.00% 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3 5.00%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.00% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.00%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 5.00% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-Ph1-F 5.00%3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.00% 3-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.00%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.00% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-OCFFF 5.00% 3-Ph3-O1-Ph-Np3-F10.00% Tni 72.2 T-n −34 Vth 1.26 V γ₁   84 mPa · s ε⊥ 4.34 Δε 11.65 no1.496 Δn 0.116 η20 17.0 mPa · s

In view of the above, it is apparent that the liquid crystalcompositions of Examples 1 to 18 have a low viscosity and a small γ₁ andthe that combination of the present invention is significantlyadvantageous.

Example 19

A first substrate on which a pair of transparent electrodes each havinga comb-shape electrode structure were disposed and a second substrate onwhich no electrode structures were formed were used. A verticalalignment film was formed on each substrate and an IPS empty cell inwhich the gap distance between the first substrate and the secondsubstrate was 4.0 μm was fabricated. A liquid crystal composition ofExample 12 was poured into the empty cell to form a liquid crystaldisplay device. Electro optic properties of the liquid crystal displaydevice were measured. The applied voltage at which the transmittancechanged by 10% was 1.45 V. The response speed under application of 5 Vwas 4.6 msec and the response speed was 11.9 sec when the voltage wasturned off.

A polymerizable liquid crystal composition CLC-A was prepared by adding1% of a polymerizable compound represented by formula (PC-1)-3-1 to 99%of the liquid crystal composition of Example 12 and homogeneouslydissolving the polymerizable compound therein:

-   [Chem. 28]

The physical properties of CLC-A were not significantly different fromthe physical properties of the liquid crystal composition of Example 12.

The CLC-A was held in the IPS empty cell described above and theresulting liquid crystal cell was irradiated with ultraviolet light froma high-pressure mercury lamp through a filter that cut UV rays of 300 nmor lower while applying a 1.8 V square wave at a frequency of 1 kHz. Theirradiation strength at the cell surface was adjusted to 20 mW/cm² andirradiation was continued for 600 seconds to obtain a vertical alignmentliquid crystal display device in which the polymerizable compound in thepolymerizable liquid crystal composition was polymerized. The electrooptic properties of the display deice were measured and the appliedvoltage at which the transmittance changed by 10% was 1.58 v. Theresponse speed under application of 5 v was 4.2 msec. The response speedwas 4.7 msec when the voltage was turned off. This was significantlyfast compared to the liquid crystal display device fabricated by usingonly the liquid crystal composition of Example 12.

Example 20

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 26 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 36.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 12.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 13.5%3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 13.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 7.5% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 1.0%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 1.5% 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 8.5%5-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 7.0% Tni 75.7° C. T-n −32 Vth 1.52 V γ₁   59 mPa· s ε⊥ 3.20 Δε 8.13 no 1.492 Δn 0.110 η20 11.0 mPa · s

Comparative Example 6

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 27 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 36.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 12.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph1-F 13.5%3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph1-F 13.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 7.5% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 1.0%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph1-F 1.5% 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph1-F 8.5%5-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph1-F 7.0% Tni 75.4° C. T-n −28 Vth 1.51 V γ₁   76 mPa· s ε⊥ 3.21 Δε 8.15 no 1.491 Δn 0.118 η20 14.1 mPa · s

This liquid crystal composition is a liquid crystal composition thatdoes not contain compounds represented by general formula (LC0) ofExample 20. The results show that in Example 20, the viscosity issignificantly low, γ₁ is small, T_(ni) is high, and the combination ofthe present invention is significantly advantageous.

Example 21

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 28 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 12.5% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 12.5% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0%3-Ph-Ph3-O1-P h3-F 25.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F12.5% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 12.5% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% Tni 65.6 T-n−32 Vth 1.30 V γ₁   79 mPa · s ε⊥ 4.73 Δε 10.00 no 1.477 Δn 0.091 η2015.1 mPa · s

Comparative Example 7

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 29 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 12.5% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 12.5% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0%3-Ph-Ph3-1O-Ph3-F 25.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F12.5% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 12.5% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% Tni 54.7 T-n−30 Vth 1.29 V γ₁   90 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.32 Δε 10.51 no 1.476 Δn 0.089 η2019.7 mPa · s

This liquid crystal composition is a liquid crystal composition thatdoes not contain a compound represented by general formula (LC0) of thisapplication. The results show that in Example 21, the viscosity issignificantly low, γ₁ is small, and the combination of the presentinvention is significantly advantageous.

Comparative Example 8

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 30 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 12.5% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 12.5% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0%3-Ph-Ph-O1-Ph3-F 25.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F12.5% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 12.5% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% Tni 73.0 T-n−28 Vth 1.63 V γ₁ 84 mPa · S ε⊥ 3.17 Δε 6.94 no 1.488 Δn 0.102 η20 17.6mPa · s

This liquid crystal composition is a liquid crystal composition thatdoes not contain a compound represented by general formula (LC0) of thisapplication. The results show that in Example 21, the driving voltage islow, the viscosity is low, γ₁ is small, and the combination of thepresent invention is significantly advantageous.

Example 22

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 31 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 18.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 18.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0%3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 14.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F12.5% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 12.5% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% Tni 73.7 T-n−33 Vth 1.56 V γ₁ 66 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.29 Δε 7.83 no 1.480 Δn 0.084 η20 12.6mPa · s

Example 23

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 32 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 17.5% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 17.5% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0%3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 15.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 15.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF10.0% Tni 72.7 T-n −31 Vth 1.43 V γ₁ 73 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.35 Δε 9.41 no 1.489Δn 0.102 η20 13.4 mPa · s

Example 24

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 33 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 20.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 20.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-01-Ph3-F 10.0%3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 20.0% Tni 71.6 T-n−34 Vth 1.40 V γ₁ 61 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.45 Δε 9.83 no 1.486 Δn 0.096 η20 11.9mPa · s

Example 25

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 34 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 20.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 20.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-01-Ph3-F 15.0%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0%0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 5.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 5.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 15.0%Tni 72.1 T-n −30 Vth 1.41 V γ₁ 69 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.42 Δε 9.81 no 1.484 Δn0.091 η20 13.0 mPa · s

Example 26

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 35 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 12.5% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 12.5% 3-Ph-Ph3-01-Ph3-F 5.0%3-Ph-Ph3-01-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 15.0%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFF 15.0% 3-Cy-Ph-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0% 3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F5.0% 3-Cy-Ph-OCFF-Ph3-F 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% Tni 82.1 T-n −31 Vth 1.23 V γ₁ 81 mPa · sε⊥ 3.46 Δε 10.33 no 1.493 Δn 0.113 η20 15.6 mPa · s

Example 27

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 36 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 10.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-01-Ph3-OCFFF 10.0%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFF 10.0%3-Cy-Ph-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% 3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph-OCFF-Ph3-F10.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% Tni82.0 T-n −34 Vth 1.25 V γ₁ 82 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.42 Δε 10.06 no 1.490 Δn 0.107η20 15.9 mPa · s

Example 28

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 37 0d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0%3-Cy-Cy-2 5.0% 5-Ph-Ph-1 5.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFF 10.0% 3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 15.0%3-Cy-Ph-OCFF-Ph3-F 10.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% Tni 80.2 T-n −31 Vth 1.60 V γ₁ 60 mPa · sε⊥ 3.12 Δε 7.02 no 1.481 Δn 0.084 η20 11.8 mPa · s

The results show that the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 3 to 9have a low viscosity and a small γ₁, and that the combination of thepresent invention is significantly advantageous.

Example 29

A first substrate on which a pair of transparent electrodes each havinga comb-shape electrode structure were disposed and a second substrate onwhich no electrode structures were formed were used. A verticalalignment film was formed on each substrate and an IPS empty cell inwhich the gap distance between the first substrate and the secondsubstrate was 4.0 μm was fabricated. A liquid crystal composition ofExample 22 was poured into the empty cell to form a liquid crystaldisplay device. Electro optic properties of the liquid crystal displaydevice were measured. The applied voltage at which the transmittancechanged by 10% was 1.45 V. The response speed under application of 5 Vwas 4.7 msec and the response speed was 16.2 sec when the voltage wasturned off.

A polymerizable liquid crystal composition CLC-B was prepared by adding1% of a polymerizable compound represented by formula (PC-1)-3-1 to 99%of the liquid crystal composition of Example 22 and homogeneouslydissolving the polymerizable compound therein:

The physical properties of CLC-B were not significantly different fromthe physical properties of the liquid crystal composition of Example 22.

The CLC-B was held in the IPS empty cell described above and theresulting liquid crystal cell was irradiated with ultraviolet light froma high-pressure mercury lamp through a filter that cut UV rays of 300 nmor lower while applying a 1.8 V square wave at a frequency of 1 kHz. Theirradiation strength at the cell surface was adjusted to 20 mW/cm² andirradiation was continued for 600 seconds to obtain a vertical alignmentliquid crystal display device in which the polymerizable compound in thepolymerizable liquid crystal composition was polymerized. The electrooptic properties of the display deice were measured and the appliedvoltage at which the transmittance changed by 10% was 1.71 v. Theresponse speed under application of 5 v was 4.6 msec. The response speedwas 4.2 msec when the voltage was turned off. This was significantlyfast compared to the liquid crystal display device fabricated by usingonly the liquid crystal composition of Example 22.

Example 30

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 38 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 12.50% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 12.50% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 25.00%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-Ph1-F 10.00% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 12.50% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 12.50%3-Ph-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00% Tni 73.3 T-n −32 Vth 1.47 V γ₁ 75 mPa · sε⊥ 3.26 Δε 8.53 no 1.478 Δn 0.093 η20 13.7 mPa · s

Comparative Example 9

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 39 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 12.50% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 12.50% 3-Cy-Ph-O1-Ph3-F 25.00%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-Ph1-F 10.00% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 12.50% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 12.50%3-Ph-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00% Tni 78.8 T-n −28 Vth 1.70 V γ₁ 88 mPa · sε⊥ 3.05 Δε 6.65 no 1.478 Δn 0.095 η20 17.2 mPa · s

This liquid crystal composition is a liquid crystal composition thatdoes not contain a compound represented by general formula (LC0) of thepresent application. The results show that in Example 30, the viscosityis significantly low, γ₁ is small, and the combination of the presentinvention is significantly advantageous.

Example 31

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 40 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 36.00% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 12.00% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 13.50%3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 13.00% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 7.50% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 1.00%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 1.50% 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 8.50%5-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 7.00% Tni 76.0° C. T-n −30 Vth 1.64 V γ₁ 57 mPa· s ε⊥ 3.23 Δε 7.16 no 1.489 Δn 0.099 η20 10.4 mPa · s

Example 32

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 41 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 20.00% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 20.00% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.00%3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 10.00% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-CFFF 15.00%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 15.00% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00% Tni 76.2T-n −32 Vth 1.49 V γ₁ 55 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.23 Δε 8.41 no 1.478 Δn 0.073 η2010.3 mPa · s

Example 33

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 42 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 22.50% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 22.50% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.00%3-Cy-Ph-O1-Ph3-F 15.00% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 25.00%3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 15.00% Tni 76.8 T-n −30 Vth 1.63 V γ₁ 61 mPa · s ε⊥3.11 Δε 7.25 no 1.478 Δn 0.073 η20 11.9 mPa · s

Example 34

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 43 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 12.50% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 12.50% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 10.00%3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.00% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 10.00%3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph3-F 10.00% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-CFFF 10.00%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.00% 3-Ph-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.00%3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00% Tni 77.9 T-n −32 Vth 1.43 V γ₁ 73 mPa · s ε⊥4.68 Δε 10.42 no 1.481 Δn 0.082 η20 13.4 mPa · s

Example 35

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 44 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.00% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 10.00% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.00%3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 10.00% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph3-F 10.00%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-CFFF 10.00% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.00%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00% 3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 20.00% Tni 77.6 T-n−33 Vth 1.20 V γ₁ 83 mPa · s ε⊥ 4.8 Δε 13.11 no 1.481 Δn 0.08 η120 16.2mPa · s

Example 36

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 45 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 20.00% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 20.00% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF10.00% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-CFFF 10.00% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.00%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00% 3-Ph-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00% Tni 83.5 T-n −30 Vth 1.23 V γ₁ 75 mPa · sε⊥ 4.58 Δε 12.32 no 1.489 Δn 0.101 η20 13.5 mPa · s

Example 37

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 46 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.00% 0d1-Cy-Cy-5 10.00% 0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 10.00%3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.00% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 10.00%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-CFFF 15.00% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 15.00%3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 20.00% Tni 88.8 T-n −31 Vth 1.60 V γ₁ 73 mPa · s ε⊥3.15 Δε 7.54 no 1.478 Δn 0.074 η20 13.2 mPa · s

Example 38

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 47 0d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.00% 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.00% 1d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 5.00%3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.00% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 10.00%3-Ph-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.00%3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph3-F 10.00% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.00%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.00% Tni 74.4 T-n −33 Vth 1.18 V γ₁ 80 mPa ·s ε⊥ 4.85 Δε 13.74 no 1.49 Δn 0.103 η20 15.7 mPa · s

The results show that the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 31 to38 have a low viscosity and a small γ₁ and that the combination of thepresent invention is significantly advantageous.

Example 39

A first substrate on which a pair of transparent electrodes each havinga comb-shape electrode structure were disposed and a second substrate onwhich no electrode structures were formed were used. A verticalalignment film was formed on each substrate and an IPS empty cell inwhich the gap distance between the first substrate and the secondsubstrate was 4.0 μm was fabricated. A liquid crystal composition ofExample 32 was poured into the empty cell to form a liquid crystaldisplay device. Electro optic properties of the liquid crystal displaydevice were measured. The applied voltage at which the transmittancechanged by 10% was 1.63 v. The response speed under application of 5 vwas 4.4 msec and the response speed was 12.3 sec when the voltage wasturned off.

A polymerizable liquid crystal composition CLC-C was prepared by adding1% of a polymerizable compound represented by formula (PC-1)-3-1 to 99%of the liquid crystal composition of Example 32 and homogeneouslydissolving the polymerizable compound therein:

The physical properties of CLC-C were not significantly different fromthe physical properties of the liquid crystal composition of Example 32.

The CLC-C was held in the IPS empty cell described above and theresulting liquid crystal cell was irradiated with ultraviolet light froma high-pressure mercury lamp through a filter that cut UV rays of 300 nmor lower while applying a 1.8 V square wave at a frequency of 1 kHz. Theirradiation strength at the cell surface was adjusted to 20 mW/cm² andirradiation was continued for 600 seconds to obtain a vertical alignmentliquid crystal display device in which the polymerizable compound in thepolymerizable liquid crystal composition was polymerized. The electrooptic properties of the display deice were measured and the appliedvoltage at which the transmittance changed by 10% was 1.86 v. Theresponse speed under application of 5 v was 4.4 msec. The response speedwas 4.3 msec when the voltage was turned off. This was significantlyfast compared to the liquid crystal display device fabricated by usingonly the liquid crystal composition of Example 32.

Example 40 and Comparative Example 10

A liquid crystal composition containing a compound represented bygeneral formula (LC0) and a liquid crystal composition not containingthe compound were prepared. The physical property values of thesecompositions were as follows.

TABLE 48 Compound Example 40 Comparative Example 10 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 15.0%15.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 15.0% 15.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 25.0% 25.0%0d3-Cy-Cy-Ph1-F 25.0% 25.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph1-F 20.0%3-Ph3-1O-Cy-Ph3-Ph1-F 20.0% Tni 94.2 86.6 ε⊥ 3.0 3.1 Δε 7.6 7.8 no 1.4801.480 Δn 0.081 0.083 η20 16.5 mPa · s 20.2 mPa · s

The liquid crystal composition of Example 1 contains a compoundrepresented by general formula (LC0-98) of the present invention and theliquid crystal composition of Comparative Example 10 is a liquid crystalcomposition that does not contain a compound represented by generalformula (LC0). Although the values of Δ∈ and Δn are substantially thesame, T_(ni) is increased significantly, the upper limit temperature ofthe liquid crystal phase is significantly expanded, and the viscosity isdecreased by about 20% in Example 1. This shows that the combination ofthe present invention is significantly advantageous.

Example 41

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 49 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0%0d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph1-F (General formula LC0-9) 5.0%3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph3-F (General formula LC0-10) 5.0%3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF (General formula LC0-3) 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 5.0%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0%0d3-Ph-Ph-Ph3-F 5.0% 3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F10.0% Tni 75.2 T-n −35 Vth 1.22 V γ₁ 87 mPa · s ε⊥ 5.3 Δε 12.2 no 1.490Δn 0.101 η20 18.8 mPa · s

Example 42

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 50 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0%0d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0% 5-Ph-Ph-1 5.0% 0d1-Cy-Ph-O4 5.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0%1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 5.0% 2-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 5.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph1-F (Generalformula LC0-9) 5.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph3-F (General formula LC0-10) 5.0%3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF (General formula LC0-3) 5.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF10.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0% Tni 74.5 T-n −36 Vth 1.35 V γ₁ 81mPa · s ε⊥ 3.1 Δε 8.6 no 1.493 Δn 0.107 η20 15.0 mPa · s

Example 43

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 51 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0%0d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0% 3-Cy-Cy-2 5.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0% 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d05.0% 2-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 5.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0%3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph3-F 5.0% (General formula LC0-10) 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F5.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF 5.0%3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0% Tni 78.6 T-n −33Vth 1.58 V γ₁ 77 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.1 Δε 7.5 no 1.478 Δn 0.098 η20 13.6 mPa ·s

Example 44

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 52 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0%3-Cy-Cy-2 5.0% 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 5.0% 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF5.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph3-F (General formula LC0-10) 5.0%3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF (General formula LC0-3) 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F5.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-F 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0%3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0% 3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0% Tni 74.9 T-n −35 Vth 1.31 V γ₁ 79 mPa · sε⊥ 3.4 Δε 10.1 no 1.484 Δn 0.101 η20 15.2 mPa · s

Example 45

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 53 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 3-Cy-Cy-25.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0% 2-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 5.0%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph3-F (General formula LC0-10)5.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF (General formula LC0-3) 5.0%3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-F 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-F 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF5.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF 5.0%3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0% Tni 83.3 T-n −34Vth 1.31 V γ₁ 83 mPa · s ε⊥ 3.4 Δε 10.2 no 1.486 Δn 0.101 η20 16.6 mPa ·s

Example 46

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 54 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 3-Cy-Cy-25.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 10.0% 2-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 5.0%3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF (General formula LC0-3)5.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0%3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0%3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF 5.0% 3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0% Tni 77.9 T-n −36 Vth 1.58 V γ₁ 75 mPa · sε⊥ 3.0 Δε 7.5 no 1.482 Δn 0.099 η20 12.8 mPa · s

Example 47

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 55 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 0d1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0%2-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 5.0% 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-ph3-ph3-F (General formula LC0-10) 5.0%3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF (General formula LC0-3) 5.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F5.0% 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0%3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0%3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-Ph-OCFFF 10.0% Tni 76.6 T-n −35 Vth 1.34 V γ₁ 72 mPa · sε⊥ 3.3 Δε 9.8 no 1.487 Δn 0.111 η20 12.1 mPa · s

These results show that the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 2 to8 have a low viscosity and a small γ₁, and that the combination of thepresent invention is significantly advantageous.

Example 48

A first substrate on which a pair of transparent electrodes each havinga comb-shape electrode structure were disposed and a second substrate onwhich no electrode structures were formed were used. A verticalalignment film was formed on each substrate and an IPS empty cell inwhich the gap distance between the first substrate and the secondsubstrate was 4.0 μm was fabricated. A liquid crystal composition ofExample 44 was poured into the empty cell to form a liquid crystaldisplay device. Electro optic properties of the liquid crystal displaydevice were measured. The applied voltage at which the transmittancechanged by 10% was 1.33 V. The response speed under application of 5 Vwas 4.4 msec and the response speed was 11.9 sec when the voltage wasturned off.

A polymerizable liquid crystal composition CLC-D was prepared by adding1% of a polymerizable compound represented by formula (PC-1)-3-1 to 99%of the liquid crystal composition of Example 45 and homogeneouslydissolving the polymerizable compound therein:

The physical properties of CLC-D were not significantly different fromthe physical properties of the liquid crystal composition of Example 44.

The CLC-D was held in the IPS empty cell described above and theresulting liquid crystal cell was irradiated with ultraviolet light froma high-pressure mercury lamp through a filter that cut UV rays of 300 nmor lower while applying a 1.8 V square wave at a frequency of 1 kHz. Theirradiation strength at the cell surface was adjusted to 20 mW/cm² andirradiation was continued for 600 seconds to obtain a vertical alignmentliquid crystal display device in which the polymerizable compound in thepolymerizable liquid crystal composition was polymerized. The electrooptic properties of the display deice were measured and the appliedvoltage at which the transmittance changed by 10% was 1.36 v. Theresponse speed under application of 5 v was 4.5 msec. The response speedwas 4.6 msec when the voltage was turned off. This was significantlyfast compared to the liquid crystal display device fabricated by usingonly the liquid crystal composition of Example 44.

Example 49

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 56 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 15.0% od1-Cy-Cy-1d1 15.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 8.01-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 7.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF 10.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-OCFFF 5.03-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0 1d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.01d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 20.0 Tni 72.4 T-n −36.0 Vth 1.64 γ1 52.0 ε⊥ 3.80Δε 7.88 no 1.488 Δn 0.100 η20 11.1

Comparative Example 91

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 57 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 15.0% od1-Cy-Cy-1d1 15.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 8.01-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 7.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF 10.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-OCFFF 5.03-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0 1d1-Cy-Ph-O1-Ph3-F 10.01d1-Cy-Ph3-1O-Ph-OCFFF 20.0 Tni 64.4 T-n −32.0 Vth 1.66 γ1 97.0 ε⊥ 3.63Δε 7.57 no 1.488 Δn 0.100 η20 21.0

This liquid crystal composition is a liquid crystal composition thatdoes not contain a compound represented by general formula (LC0) havingthe —PH₃—OCH₂— substructure according to the present application. Theresults show that in Example 1, the viscosity is significantly low andγ₁ is small despite a large dielectric anisotropy (Δ∈) and a highnematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (T_(ni)),and that the combination of the present invention is significantlyadvantageous.

Example 50

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 58 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 5.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0 3-Cy-Cy-25.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0 3-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.03-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0 1d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.01d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 0d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.00d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 1d1-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.00d1-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0 0d1-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.00d1-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.03-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1Ph3-F 5.0 Tni 71.0 T-n −38.0 Vth 1.42 γ1 67.0 ε⊥ 4.08 Δε9.82 no 1.486 Δn 0.089 η20 12.1

Example 51

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 59 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 15.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 15.0 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0od1-Cy-Cy-1d1 12.0 3-Cy-Cy-2 3.0 1d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.01d1-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 8.0 0d1-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 8.00d1-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 7.0 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.03-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1Ph3-F 7.0 Tni 73.4 T-n −32.0 Vth 1.89 γ1 43.0 ε⊥ 3.41 Δε5.74 no 1.484 Δn 0.075 η20 8.5

Example 52

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 60 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 15.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 15.0 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0od1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0 3-Cy-Cy-2 5.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0 1d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F5.0 1d1-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0 0d1-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.03-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1Ph3-F 10.0 Tni 80.8 T-n −31.0 Vth2.02 γ1 53.0 ε⊥ 3.34 Δε 5.06 no 1.482 Δn 0.069 η20 9.5

Example 53

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 61 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 15.0 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.02-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 5.0 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.03-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.00d3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0 0d1-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.00d3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0 Tni 72.7 T-n −33.0 Vth 1.42 γ1 68.0 ε⊥ 3.52Δε 10.02 no 1.496 Δn 0.128 η20 12.9

Example 54

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 62 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 15.0% 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0 3-Cy-Ph-O2 5.0 5-Ph-Ph-1 5.02-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 5.0 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.03-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.00d3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0 0d1-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.00d3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0 Tni 72.9 T-n −33.0 Vth 1.38 γ1 75.0 ε⊥ 3.64Δε 11.15 no 1.498 Δn 0.139 η20 14.6

Example 55

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 63 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 15.03-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F5.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 15.0 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-Ph1-F 5.03-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph1-F 5.0 1d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.01d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0 0d1-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.00d3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph 3-F 5.0 Tni 72.4 T-n −36.0 Vth 1.23 γ1 79.0 ε⊥ 4.29Δε 12.98 no 1.490 Δn 0.110 η20 16.7

Example 56

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 64 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 15.0 3-Cy-Cy-23.0 3-Cy-Cy-O1 2.0 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 8.0 2-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 7.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 5.03-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF3.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 15.0 0d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 2.01d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0 0d3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 Tni 70.8 T-n −38.0Vth 1.77 γ1 57.0 ε⊥ 3.50 Δε 6.87 no 1.488 Δn 0.094 η20 11.4

Example 57

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 65 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0 3-Cy-Cy-23.0 3-Cy-Cy-O1 2.0 3-Cy-Ph-O1 2.0 3-Cy-Ph-O2 3.0 5-Ph-Ph-1 2.00d3-Ph-Ph-3d0 3.0 0d1-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0 2-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0 2-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d05.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 2.0 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-OCFFF 3.0 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.03-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.03-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph1-F 5.0 0d1-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 7.00d3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 8.0 Tni 74.5 T-n −39.0 Vth 1.61 γ1 73.0 ε⊥ 3.50Δε 8.00 no 1.490 Δn 0.115 η20 13.6

Example 58

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 66 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 15.0 0d3-Cy-Cy-3 10.0 3-Cy-Ph-O22.0 5-Ph-Ph-1 2.0 2-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 7.0 2-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 7.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-F 2.03-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-OCFFF 3.0 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 2.03-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 2.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.03-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-Ph1-F 5.0 3-Ph3-O1-Cy-Ph3-Ph1-F 5.0 0d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F2.0 1d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 2.0 1d1-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-OCFFF 2.00d3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 2.0 0d1-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.00d3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0 Tni 71.1 T-n −38.0 Vth 1.53 γ1 75.0 ε⊥ 3.71Δε 9.29 no 1.491 Δn 0.112 η20 14.0

Example 59

A first substrate on which a pair of transparent electrodes each havinga comb-shape electrode structure were disposed and a second substrate onwhich no electrode structures were formed were used. A verticalalignment film was formed on each substrate and an IPS empty cell inwhich the gap distance between the first substrate and the secondsubstrate was 4.0 μm was fabricated. A liquid crystal composition ofExample 49 was poured into the empty cell to form a liquid crystaldisplay device.

A polymerizable liquid crystal composition CLC-E was prepared by adding1% of a polymerizable compound represented by formula (PC-1)-3-1 to 99%of the liquid crystal composition of Example 49 and homogeneouslydissolving the polymerizable compound therein:

The physical properties of CLC-E were not significantly different fromthe physical properties of the liquid crystal composition of Example 49.

The CLC-E was held in the IPS empty cell described above and theresulting liquid crystal cell was irradiated with ultraviolet light froma high-pressure mercury lamp through a filter that cut UV rays of 300 nmor lower while applying a 1.8 V square wave at a frequency of 1 kHz. Theirradiation strength at the cell surface was adjusted to 20 mW/cm² andirradiation was continued for 600 seconds to obtain a vertical alignmentliquid crystal display device in which the polymerizable compound in thepolymerizable liquid crystal composition was polymerized. The responsespeed of this display device was significantly faster than the liquidcrystal display device in which only the liquid crystal composition ofExample 49 was used.

Example 60

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 67 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 15.0% od1-Cy-Cy-1d1 15.0 2-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.03-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 7.0 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 8.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF 10.03-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0 3-Pr-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF15.0 3-Pr-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0 Tni 72.2 T-n −33.0 Vth 1.42 γ1 67.0 ε⊥ 3.57Δε 8.37 no 1.486 Δn 0.094 η20 13.1

Comparative Example 42

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 68 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 15.0% od1-Cy-Cy-1d1 15.0 2-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.03-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 7.0 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 8.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF 10.03-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 10.0 3-Pr-Ph3-1O-Ph-OCFFF15.0 3-Pr-Ph-O1-Ph3-F 10.0 Tni 67.0 T-n −33.0 Vth 1.50 γ1 94.0 ε⊥ 3.55Δε 7.87 no 1.485 Δn 0.093 η20 20.5

This liquid crystal composition is a liquid crystal composition thatdoes not contain a compound represented by general formula (LC0) havingthe —PH₃—OCH₂— substructure according to the present application. Theresults show that, in Example 1, the viscosity is significantly low andγ₁ is small despite a large dielectric anisotropy and a high nematicphase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (T_(ni)), and thatthe combination of the present invention is significantly advantageous.

Example 61

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 69 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% od1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0 3-Cy-Cy-2 5.03-Pr-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 3-Pr-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Pr-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F10.0 3-Pr-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 3-Cy-Pr-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.03-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F10.0 3-Ph-Ph1-Np3-F 5.0 Tni 79.2 T-n −36.0 Vth 1.38 γ1 76.0 ε⊥ 3.86 Δε9.87 no 1.485 Δn 0.090 η20 14.1

Example 62

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 70 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 15.02-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 2.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 3.0 3-Pr-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.03-Cy-Pr-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF10.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.03-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0 Tni 84.6 T-n −31.0 Vth 1.43 γ1 72.0 ε⊥ 3.71Δε 8.41 no 1.488 Δn 0.095 η20 12.8

Example 63

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 71 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 15.0 od1-Cy-Cy-1d1 15.0 3-Cy-Cy-22.0 2-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 3.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5.0 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 5.03-Cy-Ph-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0 3-Pr-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 3-Pr-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F10.0 3-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.03-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0 Tni 76.0 T-n −39.0 Vth 1.69 γ1 60.0 ε⊥ 3.39 Δε6.40 no 1.486 Δn 0.090 η20 10.7

Example 64

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 72 Compound Ex. 5 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 15.0 1d1-Cy-Cy-315.0 od1-Cy-Cy-1d1 5.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-OCFFF 5.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-OCFFF 5.03-Cy-Cy-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Cy-Ph1-Ph3-CFFO-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Pr-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F5.0 3-Pr-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 3-Cy-Pr-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.03-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 3-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 5.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F5.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0 Tni 78.9 T-n −36.0 Vth 1.44 γ1 74.0 ε⊥ 3.56Δε 8.22 no 1.484 Δn 0.081 η20 13.1

Example 65

A liquid crystal composition prepared and the physical property valuesthereof are as follows.

TABLE 73 0d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0% 1d1-Cy-Cy-2 10.0 1d1-Cy-Cy-3 10.0od1-Cy-Cy-1d1 10.0 3-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 7.0 1-Ph-Ph1-Ph-3d0 8.03-Pr-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 10.0 3-Pr-Cy-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.03-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph-OCFFF 10.0 3-Cy-Ph-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F 5.0 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph3-O1-Ph3-F10.0 Tni 91.8 T-n −36.0 Vth 1.53 γ1 79.0 ε⊥ 3.54 Δε 7.52 no 1.490 Δn0.110 η20 14.3

Example 66

A first substrate on which a pair of transparent electrodes each havinga comb-shape electrode structure were disposed and a second substrate onwhich no electrode structures were formed were used. A verticalalignment film was formed on each substrate and an IPS empty cell inwhich the gap distance between the first substrate and the secondsubstrate was 4.0 μm was fabricated. A liquid crystal composition ofExample 60 was poured into the empty cell to form a liquid crystaldisplay device.

A polymerizable liquid crystal composition CLC-F was prepared by adding1% of a polymerizable compound represented by formula (PC-1)-3-1 to 99%of the liquid crystal composition of Example 60 and homogeneouslydissolving the polymerizable compound therein:

The physical properties of CLC-F were not significantly different fromthe physical properties of the liquid crystal composition of Example 60.The CLC-F was held in the IPS empty cell described above and theresulting liquid crystal cell was irradiated with ultraviolet light froma high-pressure mercury lamp through a filter that cut UV rays of 300 nmor lower while applying a 1.8 V square wave at a frequency of 1 kHz. Theirradiation strength at the cell surface was adjusted to 20 mW/cm² andirradiation was continued for 600 seconds to obtain a vertical alignmentliquid crystal display device in which the polymerizable compound in thepolymerizable liquid crystal composition was polymerized. The responsespeed of this display device was significantly faster than the liquidcrystal display device in which only the liquid crystal composition ofExample 60 was used.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A liquid composition having positivedielectric anisotropy, wherein the liquid crystal composition ischaracterized by comprising one or more compounds selected fromcompounds represented by general formula (LC0) and further comprises oneor more compounds selected from a group of compounds represented bygeneral formula (LC1) to general formula (LC5):

(In the formulae, R⁰¹ to R⁴¹ each independently represent an alkyl grouphaving 1 to 15 carbon atoms, one or more —CH₂— in the alkyl group may besubstituted with —O—, —CH═CH—, —CF₂O—, or —OCF₂— so that oxygen atomsare not directly adjacent to each other, and one or more hydrogen atomsin the alkyl group may be substituted with a halogen; R⁵¹ and R⁵² eachindependently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms whereone or more —CH₂— in the alkyl group may be substituted with —O—,—CH═CH—, —OCO—, —COO—, or —C≡C— so that oxygen atoms are not directlyadjacent to each other, or R⁵¹ and R⁵² may each be —OCF₃ or —CF₃ if A⁵¹or A⁵³ described below represents a cyclohexane ring; A⁰¹ to A⁴² eachindependently represent any one of the structures below:

(One or more —CH₂— in the cyclohexane ring in the structure may besubstituted with —O— so that oxygen atoms are not directly adjacent toeach other and X⁶¹ and X⁶² each independently represent —H or —F); A⁵¹to A⁵³ each independently represent any one of the structures below:

(In the formulae, one or more —CH₂CH₂— in the cyclohexane ring may besubstituted with —CH═CH—, —CF₂O—, or —OCF₂—); X⁰¹ represents a fluorineatom; X¹¹ to X⁴³ each independently represent —H or —F; Y⁰¹ to Y⁴¹ eachrepresent —F, —OCHF₂, —CF₃, or —OCF₃; Z⁰¹ and Z⁰² each independentlyrepresent a single bond, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—,—CH₂CH₂—, or —OCF₂ —; Z³¹ to Z⁴²each independently represent a single bond, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—,—(CH₂)₄—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O— and at least one selected from Z³¹ and Z³²that are present is not a single bond; Z⁵¹ and Z⁵² each independentlyrepresent a single bond, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—, —OCH₂—, —CH₂O—,—OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—; m⁰¹ to m⁵¹ each independently represent an integer inthe range of 0 to 3; m⁰¹+m⁰² represents 1, 2, or 3; m³¹+m³² and m⁴¹+m⁴²each independently represent 1, 2, 3, or 4; and when two or more A⁰¹,A⁰³, A²³, A³¹, A³², A⁴¹, A⁴², A^(52, Z) ⁰¹, Z⁰², Z³¹, Z³², Z⁴¹, Z⁴²,and/or Z⁵² are present, they may be the same or different from eachother).
 2. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, whereinthe liquid crystal composition comprises one or more compounds selectedfrom compounds represented by general formula (LC0), one or morecompounds selected from a group of compounds represented by generalformula (LC1) to general formula (LC4), and one or more compoundsselected from a group of compounds represented by general formula (LC5).3. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein one ormore compounds selected from a group consisting of compounds representedby general formula (LC2-1) to general formula (LC2-14) are contained asthe compound represented by general formula (LC2):

(In the formulae, X²³, X²⁴,X²⁵, and X²⁶ each independently represent ahydrogen atom, Cl, F, CF₃, or OCF₃, and X²², R²¹, and Y²¹ are the sameas those in claim 1).
 4. The liquid crystal composition according toclaim 1, wherein one or more compounds selected from a group consistingof compounds represented by general formula (LC3-1) to general formula(LC3-32) are contained as the compound represented by general formula(LC3):

(In the formulae, X³³, X³⁴, X³⁵, X³⁶, X³⁷, and X³⁸ each independentlyrepresent H, Cl, F, CF₃, or OCF₃ and X³², R³¹, A³¹,Y³¹, and Z³¹ are thesame as those in claim 1).
 5. The liquid crystal composition accordingto claim 1, wherein one or more compounds selected from a groupconsisting of compounds represented by general formula (LC4-1) togeneral formula (LC4-23) are contained as the compound represented bygeneral formula (LC4):

(In the formulae, X⁴⁴, X⁴⁵, X⁴⁶, and X⁴⁷ each independently represent H,Cl, F, CF₃, or OCF₃, and X⁴², X⁴³, R⁴¹, and Y⁴¹ are the same as those inclaim 1).
 6. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1,wherein one or more compounds selected from a group consisting ofcompounds represented by general formula (LC5-1) to general formula(LC5-26) are contained as the compound represented by general formula(LC5):

(In formulae, R⁵¹ and R⁵² are the same as those in claim 1).
 7. Theliquid crystal composition according to claim 1, further comprising oneor more optically active compounds.
 8. The liquid crystal compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal composition comprisesone or more compounds selected from a group of compounds represented bygeneral formula (LC0) to general formula (LC5) with R⁰¹ to R⁵² eachrepresenting an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
 9. The liquidcrystal composition according to claim 1, further comprising one or morecompounds selected from a group consisting of compounds represented bygeneral formula (LC0) in which at least one of A⁰¹ to A⁰³ that arepresent represents a tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl group, compoundsrepresented by general formula (LC1) in which A¹¹ represents atetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl group, compounds represented by general formula(LC2) in which at least one of A²¹ to A²³ that are present represents atetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl group, compounds represented by general formula(LC3) in which at least one of A³¹ and A³² that are present represents atetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl group, compounds represented by general formula(LC4) in which at least one of A⁴¹ and A⁴² that are present represents atetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl group, and compounds represented by generalformula (LC5) in which at least one of A⁵¹ to A⁵³ that are presentrepresents a tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl group.
 10. The liquid crystalcomposition according to claim 1, further comprising one or morecompounds selected from a group consisting of compounds represented bygeneral formula (LC0) in which at least one of Z⁰¹ and Z⁰² that arepresent represents OCF₂—, compounds represented by general formula (LC3)in which at least one of Z³¹ and Z³² that are present represents —CF₂O—or —OCF₂—, compounds represented by general formula (LC4) in which atleast one of Z⁴¹ and Z⁴² that are present represents —CF₂O— or —OCF₂—,and compounds represented by general formula (LC5) in which at least oneof Z⁵¹ and Z⁵² that are present represents —CF₂O— or —OCF₂—.
 11. Theliquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the liquidcrystal composition contains 30 to 70% by mass of the compoundrepresented by general formula (LC5) and has a viscosity η of 20 mPa·sor less at 20° C.
 12. The liquid crystal composition according to claim1, further comprising one or more polymerizable compounds.
 13. Theliquid crystal composition according to claim 1, further comprising oneor more antioxidants.
 14. The liquid crystal composition according toclaim 1, further comprising one or more UV absorbers.
 15. A liquidcrystal display device comprising the liquid crystal compositionaccording to claim
 1. 16. A liquid crystal display device for activematrix driving, comprising the liquid crystal composition according toclaim
 1. 17. A liquid crystal display device of a TN mode, OCB mode, ECBmode, IPS mode, or VA-IPS mode, comprising the liquid crystalcomposition according to claim
 1. 18. A polymer stabilized liquidcrystal display device of a TN mode, OCB mode, ECB mode, IPS mode, orVA-IPS mode, prepared by using the liquid crystal composition accordingto claim 12 and polymerizing the polymerizable compounds contained inthe liquid crystal composition in the presence or absence of appliedvoltage.
 19. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 15,wherein an alignment layer disposed at a surface in contact with liquidcrystal molecules and configured to align the liquid crystal moleculesin a horizontal, tilted, or vertical direction is an alignment film thatcontains at least one compound selected from polyimide (PI), polyamide,chalcone, cinnamate, and cinnamoyl.
 20. A liquid crystal display device,wherein the alignment layer according to claim 19 further contains apolymerizable liquid crystal compound and/or a polymerizable non-liquidcrystal compound.
 21. The liquid crystal display device according toclaim 19, wherein an alignment film prepared by using an opticalalignment technique is provided as the alignment layer disposed at asurface in contact with the liquid crystal composition.
 22. A liquidcomposition having positive dielectric anisotropy, wherein the liquidcrystal composition is characterized by comprising one or more compoundsselected from compounds represented by general formula (LC0) and furthercomprises one or more compounds selected from a group of compoundsrepresented by general formula (LC1) to general formula (LC5):

(In the formulae, R⁰¹ to R⁴¹ each independently represent an alkyl grouphaving 1 to 15 carbon atoms, one or more —CH₂— in the alkyl group may besubstituted with —O—, —CH═CH—, —CF₂O—, or —OCF₂— so that oxygen atomsare not directly adjacent to each other, and one or more hydrogen atomsin the alkyl group may be substituted with a halogen; R⁵¹ and R⁵² eachindependently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms whereone or more —CH₂— in the alkyl group may be substituted with —O—,—CH═CH—, —OCO—, —COO—, or —C≡C— so that oxygen atoms are not directlyadjacent to each other, or R⁵¹ and R⁵² may each be —OCF₃ or —CF₃ if A⁵¹or A⁵³ described below represents a cyclohexane ring; A⁰¹ to A⁴² eachindependently represent any one of the structures below:

(One or more —CH₂— in the cyclohexane ring in the structure may besubstituted with —O— so that oxygen atoms are not directly adjacent toeach other and X⁶¹ and X⁶² each independently represent —H or —F); A⁵¹to A⁵³ each independently represent any one of the structures below:

(In the formulae, one or more —CH₂CH₂— in the cyclohexane ring may besubstituted with —CH═CH—, —CF₂O—, or —OCF₂—); X⁰¹ represents a fluorineatom; X¹¹ to X⁴³ each independently represent —H or —F; Y⁰¹ to Y⁴¹, eachrepresent —F, —OCHF₂, —CF₃, or —OCF₃; Z⁰¹ and Z⁰² each independentlyrepresent a single bond, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—;Z³¹ to Z⁴² each independently represent a single bond, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—,—CH₂CH₂—, —(CH₂)₄—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O— and at least one selected from Z³¹and Z³² that are present is not a single bond; Z⁵¹ and Z⁵² eachindependently represent a single bond, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH₂CH₂—, —OCH₂—,—CH₂O—, —OCF₂—, or —CF₂O—; m⁰¹ to m⁵¹ each independently represent aninteger in the range of 0 to 3; m⁰¹+m⁰² represents 1 or 2, m³¹+m³² andm⁴¹+m⁴² each independently represent 1, 2, 3, or 4; and when two or moreA⁰¹, A⁰³, A²³, A³¹, A³², A⁴¹, A⁴², A⁵², Z⁰¹,Z⁰², Z³¹, Z³², Z⁴¹, Z⁴²,and/or Z⁵² are present, they may be the same or different from eachother).